{"id":972,"date":"2023-02-16T20:32:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-16T20:32:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/?page_id=972"},"modified":"2023-12-12T21:56:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T21:56:14","slug":"verb-inflectional-affixes-in-chorti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/verb-inflectional-affixes-in-chorti\/","title":{"rendered":"Verb Affixes in Ch\u2019orti\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ch&#8217;orti&#8217;, like many other languages, inflects its verbs to mark for person and number. However, Ch&#8217;orti&#8217; is unique in that there are three possible sets from which these markers can be chosen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ergative Set (Set A)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Ergative Set, also known as Set A, is used to indicate the subject (or agent) of transitive verbs. These inflections are also used as possessive markers on nouns.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 48.3872%;height: 142px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 24px\">1st-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 24px\">in-\/ni-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 24px\">2nd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 24px\">a-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 24px\">3rd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 24px\">u-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 24px\">1st-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 24px\">ka-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 24px\">2nd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 24px\">i-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px\">\n<td style=\"width: 42.5994%;height: 10px\">3rd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.1793%;height: 10px\">u-&#8230;-ob&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Absolutive Set (Set B)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Absolutive Set is also known as Set B. This set of pronominals is used to indicate the object of transitive verbs. It can also be used to show the subject of intransitive verbs in the <em>completive<\/em> aspect.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 48.3871%;height: 148px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">1st-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-en<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">2nd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-et<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">3rd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-\u00f8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">1st-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">2nd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-ox<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6436%\">3rd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3564%\">-ob&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Incompletive-Subject Set (Set C)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Incompletive-Subject Set is also referred to as Set C. This set indicates the subject of intransitive verbs in the\u00a0<em>incompletive\u00a0<\/em>aspect.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 48.4983%;height: 127px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">1st-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">in-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">2nd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">i-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">3rd-person singular<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">a-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">1st-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">ka-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">2nd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">ix-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 42.6605%\">3rd-person plural<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.3395%\">a-&#8230;-ob&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Transitive verbs:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Intransitive verbs (completive)\u00a0 Intransitive verbs (incompletive)<\/p>\n<p><strong>uw<\/strong>-ir-a-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 way-an-<strong>en\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 in<\/strong>-way-an<\/p>\n<p>E3s-see-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sleep-stem-A1s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S1s-sleep-stem<\/p>\n<p>\u2018s\/he sees it\/him\/her\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018I slept\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018I sleep\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>u<\/strong>-lok\u2019-se-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 lok\u2019-oy-<strong>\u00d8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a<\/strong>-lok\u2019-oy<\/p>\n<p>E3s-go.out-caus-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 leave-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S3s-leave-stem<\/p>\n<p>\u2018he takes it out\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he left\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he leaves\u2019<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>u<\/strong>-chuk-i-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 och-oy-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 o\u2019ch-oy (<strong>a<\/strong>-och-oy)<\/p>\n<p>E3s-grab-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 enter-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S3s-enter-stem<\/p>\n<p>\u2018he grabs it\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he entered\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he enters\u2019<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>u<\/strong>-k\u2019ech-e-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cham-ay-<strong>\u00d8<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>a<\/strong>-cham-ay<\/p>\n<p>E3s-carry-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 die-stem-A3s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S3s-die-stem<\/p>\n<p>\u2018he carried it\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he died\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018she dies\u2019<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>inw-ajk\u2019we\u2019t (<strong>inw<\/strong>-ajk\u2019-u-<strong>et<\/strong>)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sut-pe\u2019n (sut-pa-<strong>en<\/strong>)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>a<\/strong>-sut-pa<\/p>\n<p>E1s-give-stem-A2s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 turn-mpass-A1s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S3s-turn-mpass<\/p>\n<p>\u2018I gave it to you\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018I returned\u2019\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018he returns\u2019<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>General phonological rule when two vowels occur together:\u00a0 <strong>V<sub>1<\/sub>V<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00e8<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0 V<sub>2<\/sub>\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Stem suffixes for verbs<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Transitive verbs:<\/p>\n<p>-i\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CVC transitive roots with all vowels except [<strong>e<\/strong>]\n<p>-e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CVC transitive roots with [<strong>e<\/strong>]\n<p>-V\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 non-CVC transitive roots<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Intransitive verbs:<\/p>\n<p>-V<sub>1<\/sub>y\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intransitive roots\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (ex. a-lok\u2019-oy\u00a0 \u2018he comes out\u2019)<\/p>\n<p>-V\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intransitive roots<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Positionals:<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>-Vr\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 positional<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(The above stem suffixes are usually removed when using derivational suffixes below.)<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Derivational verb suffixes<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2026-j-\u2026-a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 passive with CVC roots\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (ex. a-ch\u2019a-<strong>j<\/strong>-m-<strong>a<\/strong>\u00a0 \u2018they are taken\u2019)<\/p>\n<p>-pa\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 middle passive with CVC roots<\/p>\n<p>-tz\u2019a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 middle passive with CVC roots<\/p>\n<p>-k\u2019a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 middle passive with CVC roots<\/p>\n<p>-na\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 passive with non-CVC and derived verbs<\/p>\n<p>-ma\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 antipassive<\/p>\n<p>-on\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 antipassive<\/p>\n<p>-b\u2019ir\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 past participle with transitive roots<\/p>\n<p>-em\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 past participle with intransitive roots<\/p>\n<p>-ran\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intransitivizer (needs more analysis)<\/p>\n<p>-wan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intransitivizer with positional roots<\/p>\n<p>-b\u2019a\/-b\u2019u\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 transitivizer with positional roots<\/p>\n<p>-es\/-s\/-se\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 causative<\/p>\n<p>-ru\/-ru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 iterative<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch&#8217;orti&#8217;, like many other languages, inflects its verbs to mark for person and number. However, Ch&#8217;orti&#8217; is unique in that there are three possible sets from which these markers can be chosen. Ergative Set (Set A) The Ergative Set, also known as Set A, is used to indicate the subject (or agent) of transitive verbs.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/verb-inflectional-affixes-in-chorti\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Verb Affixes in Ch\u2019orti\u2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":897,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-972","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/897"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=972"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/972\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/chortiproject\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}