1. Define digestion, alimentary, and gastrointestinal tract.<\/p>\n
2. Briefly describe the overall 5 steps of the digestive process.<\/p>\n
3. List the organs of the GI tract.<\/p>\n
4. List the digestive accessory organs.<\/p>\n
5. Describe the 4 layers of the GI tract microstructure.<\/p>\n
6. Define parietal and visceral peritoneum, and peritoneal cavity.<\/p>\n
7. List and describe the location of the 5 peritoneal folds.<\/p>\n
8. Describe the boundaries of the oral cavity.<\/p>\n
9. Describe the labial frenulum, lingual frenulum, bolus, and papillae.<\/p>\n
10. Describe the tissue that comprises the tongue.<\/p>\n
11. Describe why food needs to be in aqueous form for taste.<\/p>\n
12. Name the 3 pairs of salivary glands.<\/p>\n
13. Describe the function, composition, and secretion control of saliva.<\/p>\n
14. Define gingiva.<\/p>\n
15. Describe the general structure of a tooth (cementum, enamel, pulp cavity, dentin, crown, root, neck, apical foramen, periodontal ligament).<\/p>\n
16. Name the hardest substance of the tooth.<\/p>\n
17. Define the directional terms: Labial, buccal, lingual, palatal, and occlusal.<\/p>\n
18. How many temporary and how many adult teeth in a normal person.?<\/p>\n
19. Describe ingestion, mastication, and deglutition.<\/p>\n
20. Define pharynx, esophageal hiatus, peristalsis, and esophageal sphincters.<\/p>\n
21. Describe the function of the esophagus.<\/p>\n
22. Describe the 4 areas and 2 curves of the stomach.<\/p>\n
23. Describe the location of the pyloric sphincter.<\/p>\n
24. Name the substances that comprise gastric juice; name the cells that produce them.<\/p>\n
25. Name the hormone made by gastric cells.<\/p>\n
26. Define chyme.<\/p>\n
27. Describe the mechanism of gastric motility.<\/p>\n
28. Describe the stimulatory controls of gastric motility.<\/p>\n
29. Describe the inhibitory controls of gastric motility.<\/p>\n
30. Describe the function of gastric mucus, hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen.<\/p>\n
31. Describe the stimulatory mechanisms of gastric secretions.<\/p>\n
32. Describe the inhibitory controls of gastric secretions.<\/p>\n
33. Describe any absorption that occurs from the stomach.<\/p>\n
34. Describe the function of gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, and gastric inhibitory peptide.<\/p>\n
35. Describe the location of the pancreas and pancreatic duct.<\/p>\n
36. Describe the substances made by pancreatic islet cells.<\/p>\n
37. Name the cells that make pancreatic juice.<\/p>\n
38. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice.<\/p>\n
39. Describe the function of trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic amylase, and pancreatic lipase.<\/p>\n
40. Describe the neural and hormonal controls of pancreatic secretions.<\/p>\n
41. Define hepatocyte.<\/p>\n
42. Describe the course of the common bile duct.<\/p>\n
43. Name the cells that make bile.<\/p>\n
44. Describe the function of the gall bladder.<\/p>\n
45. Describe the composition of bile.<\/p>\n
46. Describe the purpose of bile salts and explain what is meant by enterohepatic circulation.<\/p>\n
47. Describe some mechanisms to stimulate the rate of bile secretion.<\/p>\n
48. Briefly, list some functions of the liver.<\/p>\n
49. Name the 3 segments of the small intestine.<\/p>\n
50. Define villi, microvilli, and duodenal (Brunner’s) glands.<\/p>\n
51. Define lacteal.<\/p>\n
52. Describe segmentation and peristalsis.<\/p>\n
53. Define absorption. Where does 90% of the absorption occur?<\/p>\n
54. Describe the absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, water and electrolytes in the intestine.<\/p>\n
55. Define micelle and chylomicron.<\/p>\n
56. Describe the various anatomical regions of the large intestine.<\/p>\n
57. Define haustra and taeniae coli.<\/p>\n
58. Describe the gastroileal reflex, haustral churning, mass peristalsis, and the defecation reflex.<\/p>\n
59. Explain why defecation can be voluntarily controlled.<\/p>\n
60. Define feces.<\/p>\n
61. Describe the basic functions of the large intestine.<\/p>\n
62. Describe the products of goblet cells.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. Define digestion, alimentary, and gastrointestinal tract. 2. Briefly describe the overall 5 steps of the digestive process. 3. List the organs of the GI tract. 4. List the digestive accessory organs. 5. Describe the 4 layers … Continue reading