{"id":446,"date":"2015-08-12T16:27:29","date_gmt":"2015-08-12T16:27:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/?page_id=446"},"modified":"2025-09-29T17:24:29","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T17:24:29","slug":"outline-4-bio-2320-female-reproductive-system","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/biology-courses\/human-anatomy-and-physiology-ii-homepage-bio-2320\/outline-4-bio-2320-female-reproductive-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Outline-4, BIO 2320, Female Reproductive System"},"content":{"rendered":"

III.FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. Ovaries<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Ligaments<\/p>\n

a. Ovarian [ovary-uterus]\n

b. Suspensory [ovary-body wall]\n

c. Mesovarium [ovary-broad ligament]\n

B. Oogenesis<\/p>\n

1. Oogonia [mitosis…]\n

2. Primary oocyte [2 million at birth and 300,000 by puberty, don’t finish meiosis I until puberty]\n

3. Secondary oocyte [at puberty, finish MI and halfway through MII]\n

4. Ovum<\/p>\n

C. Ovarian cycle<\/p>\n

1. Follicle<\/strong>–\u00a0Ova plus surrounding fluid and cells in ovary<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Development & Maturation<\/p>\n

During first two weeks of monthly cycle, follicle mature, enlarges, moves towards ovary surface<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Ovulation<\/strong><\/p>\n

About day 14 of monthly cycle, secondary oocyte is discharged from ovary, follicle cells remain behind in ovary<\/em><\/p>\n

4. Corpus luteum<\/strong><\/p>\n

Follicle cells after ovulation, endocrine<\/em><\/p>\n

5. Menopause<\/strong><\/p>\n

Depletion of follicles<\/em><\/p>\n

D. Hormonal control<\/p>\n

1. GnRH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gonadotropin releasing hormone, stimulates pituitary gland<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Estrogen<\/strong><\/p>\n

Made by follicle cells, results in secondary sex characteristics, high levels can stimulate GnRH release, results in endometrium thickening<\/em><\/p>\n

3. FSH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Follicle Stimulating Hormone causes development and maturation of follicle<\/em><\/p>\n

4. LH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Luteinizing Hormone results in ovulation<\/em><\/p>\n

5. Estrogen & Progesterone<\/strong><\/p>\n

Made by follicle cells after ovulation which inhibits GnRH release, results in very thick endometrium<\/em><\/p>\n

E. Oviduct = Uterine tube = Fallopian tube<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Infundibulum<\/p>\n

Widened end near ovary<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Fimbriae<\/p>\n

Finger-like projections on infundibulum<\/em><\/p>\n

F. Uterus<\/strong>(metr-)<\/p>\n

1. Cervix<\/p>\n

Inferior<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Broad ligament<\/p>\n

Uterus to body wall<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Perimetrium = Serosa<\/p>\n

4. Myometrium<\/p>\n

Very thick smooth muscle<\/em><\/p>\n

5. Endometrium<\/p>\n

Inner layer, shed in menses<\/em><\/p>\n

G. Menstrual cycle<\/p>\n

1. Endometrium, Menses<\/p>\n

2. Hormones, GnRH, FSH, LH, Estrogen, Progesterone<\/p>\n

\"Female<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Female<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Female<\/a><\/p>\n

3. Puberty<\/p>\n

a. Menarche<\/p>\n

Marks puberty by first menstrual cycle<\/em><\/p>\n

b. Physical signs<\/p>\n

c. Hormones<\/p>\n

H. Vagina<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Fornix<\/p>\n

Superior, surrounds cervix<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Hymen<\/p>\n

Inferior, thin<\/em><\/p>\n

3. pH<\/p>\n

Acidic<\/em><\/p>\n

I. Vulva<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Mons pubis<\/p>\n

Pubic hair region over symphysis pubis<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Labia majora<\/p>\n

Lateral skin folds<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Labia minora<\/p>\n

Mucous membrane inner folds<\/em><\/p>\n

4. Clitoris<\/p>\n

Erectile tissue at anterior junction of labia minora, homologous to penis<\/em><\/p>\n

5. Vestibule [glands present]\n

Between labia minora<\/em><\/p>\n

6. Urethral & vaginal orifice<\/p>\n

Within vestibule<\/em><\/p>\n

J. Mammary glands<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Lobes<\/p>\n

2. Lobules<\/p>\n

3. Lactiferous sinus is widened region<\/p>\n

4. Lactiferous ducts<\/p>\n

5. Nipple<\/p>\n

6. Lactation (milk secretion)<\/p>\n

a. Prolactin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Results in milk production<\/em><\/p>\n

b. Human Placental Lactogen<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prepares mammary glands, made by placenta<\/em><\/p>\n

c. Oxytocin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Milk let-down<\/em><\/p>\n

K. Female Sexual Responses<\/p>\n

Neural pathways similar to male, but no ejaculation<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

III.FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM A. Ovaries 1. Ligaments a. Ovarian [ovary-uterus] b. Suspensory [ovary-body wall] c. Mesovarium [ovary-broad ligament] B. Oogenesis 1. Oogonia [mitosis…] 2. Primary oocyte [2 million at birth and 300,000 by puberty, don’t finish meiosis I until puberty] … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":270,"featured_media":0,"parent":209,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-446","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/270"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/446\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}