{"id":624,"date":"2015-08-17T18:07:06","date_gmt":"2015-08-17T18:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/?page_id=624"},"modified":"2015-08-17T18:07:06","modified_gmt":"2015-08-17T18:07:06","slug":"answers-1-bio-3220-introduction-to-skeletal-system","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/biology-courses\/comparative-vertebrate-anatomy-bio-3220\/answers-1-bio-3220-introduction-to-skeletal-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers-1, BIO 3220, Introduction to Skeletal System"},"content":{"rendered":"

E. INTRODUCTION TO SKELETAL SYSTEM<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Explain the importance of learning about the skeleton.
\nThe skeleton maintains a body shape, protects vital organs, and provides a system of muscle levers that allow body movement. The skeleton contains bone marrow, the blood-forming tissues of the body. Bone marrow stores needed minerals such as calcium and phosphorus and releases them into the blood. It is important to start learning about bones from an early age, as it is essential to obtaining peak bone mass. It is better to make dietary and lifestyle changes earlier in life and prevent osteoporosis becoming a disease of future generations.<\/p>\n

2. Name the hard tissues. Review their embryologic origins.
\nEnamel \u2013 calcium phosphate, calcium hydroxide present; permanent external tissue make from ectoderm; hardest tissue of the body; 3% organic fibers
\nDentin(e) \u2013 formed from mesoderm; similar to bone in make-up, but harder; ~ 25% organic fibers
\nBone \u2013 usually occurs internal to dentine; organic fibers; calcium crystals; usually has cells present; derived from mesoderm<\/p>\n

3. List the constituents of bone.
\nCollagen, hydroxyapatite crystals, water and mucopolysaccharides, osteocytes<\/p>\n

4. Compare compact, spongy, dentin, acellular, membrane, dermal and replacement bones.
\nCompact bone \u2013 noncancellous portion of bone that consists largely of concentric lamellar osteons and interstitial lamellae; dense
\nSpongy bone \u2013 cancellous Bone in which the spicules form a latticework, with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow
\nDentine \u2013 main, calcareous part of a tooth, beneath the enamel and surrounding the pulp chamber and root canals
\nAcellutlar bone \u2013 bone that is not supported by nor contains living cells
\nMembrane\/dermal bone \u2013 bone that develops within membranous tissue without previous cartilage formation
\nReplacement bone \u2013 endochondral bone that is ossified internally, by replacement of cartilage<\/p>\n

5. Compare hyaline, fibrous, elastic and calcified cartilages.
\nHyaline cartilage \u2013 most widespread cartilage type, in adults forms articular surfaces of long bones, rib tips, rings of trachea, and parts of skull; mostly collagen; name refers to glassy appearance; in embryo, bones form first as hyaline cartilage, later ossifies
\nFibrous cartilage \u2013 have lots of collagen fibers; found in intervertebral discs, pubic symphesis; grades into dense tendon and ligament tissue
\nElastic cartilage \u2013 springy and elastic; found in internal support of external ear and in epiglottis
\nCalcified cartilage \u2013 cartilage in which calcium salts are deposited in the matrix; it occurs prior to replacement by osseous tissue and sometimes in aging cartilage<\/p>\n

6. Identify the axial and appendicular skeletons.
\nAxial skeleton \u2013 the part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebrae, sternum and ribs
\nAppendicular skeleton \u2013 the part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and the upper and lower limbs<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E. INTRODUCTION TO SKELETAL SYSTEM 1. Explain the importance of learning about the skeleton. The skeleton maintains a body shape, protects vital organs, and provides a system of muscle levers that allow body movement. The skeleton contains bone marrow, the … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":270,"featured_media":0,"parent":580,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-624","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/270"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/624\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}