{"id":72,"date":"2015-08-07T14:32:50","date_gmt":"2015-08-07T14:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/?page_id=72"},"modified":"2020-04-01T21:21:35","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T21:21:35","slug":"outline-1-bio-2310-articulations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/biology-courses\/human-anatomy-physiology-homepage-bio-2310\/outline-1-bio-2310-articulations\/","title":{"rendered":"Outline-1, BIO 2310, Articulations"},"content":{"rendered":"

VIII. ARTICULATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n

A.\u00a0<\/strong>Definition & Examples<\/p>\n

Joints<\/em><\/p>\n

B.\u00a0Functional classification<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Synarthroses<\/strong><\/p>\n

Not moveable<\/em><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0<\/em>Amphiarthroses<\/strong><\/p>\n

Slightly moveable<\/em><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0<\/em>Diarthroses<\/strong><\/p>\n

Freely moveable<\/em><\/p>\n

C.\u00a0Structural Classification<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Fibrous<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fibrous connective tissue<\/em><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0Suture (synarthrotic)<\/p>\n

Cranial bones<\/em><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0<\/em>Syndesmosis (amphiarthrotic)<\/p>\n

Radius-Ulna; Tibia-Fibula<\/em><\/p>\n

c.\u00a0Gomphosis (synarthrotic)<\/p>\n

Periodontal ligament to alveolus<\/em><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Cartilaginous<\/strong><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0<\/strong>Synchondrosis (can be temporary, synarthrotic)<\/p>\n

Epiphyseal plate, sternocostal at rib 1<\/em><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0<\/em>Symphysis (amphiarthrotic)<\/p>\n

Symphysis pubis, Intervertebral discs<\/em><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0<\/em>Synovial<\/strong>(diarthrotic)<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0Joint\/synovial cavity<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0Articular cartilage<\/p>\n

c.\u00a0Articular capsule<\/p>\n

-Synovial membrane<\/p>\n

-Synovial fluid<\/p>\n

-Outer fibrous layer<\/p>\n

d.\u00a0Ligaments<\/p>\n

e.\u00a0Accessory ligaments [cruciate]\n

f.\u00a0Menisci [stability]\n

g.\u00a0Bursae [cushion]\n

D.\u00a0Angular movements<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Flexion, dorsiflexion<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Extension, hyperextension, plantar flexion<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Abduction, adduction<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Rotation [medial, lateral]\n

5.\u00a0Circumduction<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0Inversion, eversion<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0Elevation, depression<\/p>\n

8.\u00a0Protraction, retraction<\/p>\n

9.\u00a0Supination, pronation<\/p>\n

E.\u00a0Synovial joints based on articular shapes<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Gliding<\/p>\n

Side to side; back & forth<\/p>\n

Acromioclavicular, between adjacent vertebral articular processes, intercarpal, intertarsal<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Hinge<\/p>\n

Flexion, extension<\/p>\n

Elbow, ankle<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Pivot<\/p>\n

Rotation<\/p>\n

Atlas-axis, proximal radioulnar<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Ellipsoidal<\/p>\n

Flex, extend, abduct, adduct, some circumduction<\/p>\n

Atlanto-occipital, Radiocarpal; Metacarpophalangeal; metatarsophalangeal<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0Saddle<\/p>\n

Same as ellipsoidal but freer<\/p>\n

Carpometacarpal of pollex<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0Ball & Socket<\/p>\n

Rotate, flex, extend, circumduct<\/p>\n

Shoulder, hip<\/p>\n

Joints as Lever Systems Tutorial Video<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

VIII. ARTICULATIONS A.\u00a0Definition & Examples Joints B.\u00a0Functional classification 1.\u00a0Synarthroses Not moveable 2.\u00a0Amphiarthroses Slightly moveable 3.\u00a0Diarthroses Freely moveable C.\u00a0Structural Classification 1.\u00a0Fibrous Fibrous connective tissue a.\u00a0Suture (synarthrotic) Cranial bones b.\u00a0Syndesmosis (amphiarthrotic) Radius-Ulna; Tibia-Fibula c.\u00a0Gomphosis (synarthrotic) Periodontal ligament to alveolus 2.\u00a0Cartilaginous a.\u00a0Synchondrosis (can … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":270,"featured_media":0,"parent":42,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-72","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/270"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/haysc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}