<\/p>\n
1. Explain the overall function of muscles.<\/p>\n
2. Classify muscle tissue according to microscopic appearance and nervous control.<\/p>\n
3. Describe the parts of a muscle cell {=fiber} – including myofibril, myofilament, actin, myosin and sarcomere.<\/p>\n
4. Define motor neuron and motor unit.<\/p>\n
5. Define intercalated disk.<\/p>\n
6. Define and give an example of a somatic muscle.<\/p>\n
7. Define and give an example of a visceral muscle.<\/p>\n
8. Compare and contrast red and white muscle fibers.<\/p>\n
9. Describe the following gross anatomical features: origin, insertion, fascia, tendon and aponeurosis.<\/p>\n
10. Characterize the various muscle shapes.<\/p>\n
11. Review the following muscle actions: flex, extend, adduct, abduct, levator, depressor, protract, retract, constrict, dilator, rotator, supinator, pronator and tensor.<\/p>\n
12. Contrast agonist, synergist and antagonist.<\/p>\n
13. Discuss the embryologic development of muscle. How is phylogeny of muscles studied?<\/p>\n
14. Define metamerism, somite and myoseptum.<\/p>\n
15. Distinguish axial from appendicular muscles.<\/p>\n
16. Characterize epaxial muscles. Discuss their function and innervation. [see muscle handout]\n
17. Characterize hypaxial muscles. Discuss their function and innervation.<\/p>\n
18. Characterize hypobranchial muscles. Discuss their function, origin and innervation.<\/p>\n
19. Characterize extrinsic eye muscles. Discuss their function, origin and innervation.<\/p>\n
20. Describe the axial muscles of agnathans, fish and tetrapods – include a description of the following muscles: dorsalis trunci, intervertebrals, longissimus, spinales, iliocostalis, subvertebrals, abdominal obliques, transversus, intercostals, rectus abdominis and diaphragm.<\/p>\n
21. Describe the hypobranchial and tongue muscles of tetrapods.<\/p>\n
22. Describe the appendicular muscles of fish.<\/p>\n
23. Describe the dorsal and ventral muscle groups of the pectoral and pelvic limb as described on your muscle handout.<\/p>\n
24. Characterize the branchiomeric muscles. What is their origin?<\/p>\n
25. Discuss the branchiomeric muscles of each pharyngeal arch per your muscle handout.<\/p>\n
26. Discuss the incidence, derivation, function and structure of electric organs.<\/p>\n
Click here to see answers to these objectives.<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A. MUSCULAR SYSTEM 1. Explain the overall function of muscles. 2. Classify muscle tissue according to microscopic appearance and nervous control. 3. Describe the parts of a muscle cell {=fiber} – including myofibril, myofilament, actin, myosin and sarcomere. 4. … Continue reading
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