{"id":988,"date":"2017-04-27T15:49:18","date_gmt":"2017-04-27T21:49:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/?p=988"},"modified":"2019-09-10T17:40:00","modified_gmt":"2019-09-10T23:40:00","slug":"sip-5-14-multiple-englishes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/sip-5-14-multiple-englishes\/","title":{"rendered":"SIP 5.14 Multiple Englishes"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Thirsty for a Strong Instructional Practice?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" title=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2017\/04\/695970079.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"319\" \/>Many of our students are new to academia and its ways of speaking and writing. We who have been in it for years are enculturated and the speaking and writing conventions we follow may be invisible to us. But academic discourse may be mysterious and strange to our students. We may also worry that their way of speaking and writing may disadvantage them in academic and professional endeavors. How can we help our students communicate in ways that are valued in the academic world and in some career fields while respecting their own ways of speaking and writing?<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Take a SIP of This: Valuing multiple Englishes<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">We all come from communities that are defined by their values, traditions, and customs, including ways of speaking. Different communities value different ways of speaking and ways of speaking that are different can be less valued or even considered to be \u201cwrong.\u201d Language is part of culture, which is part of identity; when a particular way of speaking or writing is labeled \u201cnonstandard English,\u201d the identity of the person who speaks that English is being identified as \u201cwrong\u201d or \u201cless than.\u201d The fact is that we all speak a dialect\u2014there is no \u201cpure\u201d form of English. Likewise, we all have an accent\u2014we just don\u2019t recognize our own accents as such.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Scholar Leah Zuidema identifies several commonly held beliefs about English that are inaccurate, including these two:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Some dialects and languages don&#8217;t have grammatical rules.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Standard English is better than other varieties.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">In fact, all dialects and languages have grammatical rules, and the English we may call \u201cStandard English\u201d is no more clear or sophisticated \u00a0than any other variety. Instead of sending the message to students that their dialects or varieties of English aren\u2019t \u201ccorrect,\u201d which isn\u2019t linguistically accurate, we can empower them to learn to speak and write academic discourse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Here are some things you can do to help your students learn to speak and write academic discourse:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Explain the rules of academic discourse to students, even the rules that you think are obvious. Those within the culture often follow the rules without being consciously aware of them.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lmcreadinglist.pbworks.com\/f\/Delpit+%281988%29.pdf\"> Delpit (1988)<\/a><\/span> argues that making the rules of the culture of power explicit helps those who are not part of that culture acquire power. Making the rules of academic discourse explicit to students, rather than expecting them to already know the rules, empowers them and gives them access to the language of power. Help them understand the rules of the language you want them to use in your class.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Help students understand that academic English or the English valued in your discipline has particular conventions. These conventions can be learned, and depending on time of exposure and other factors, may be learned quickly or may take many semesters. Remember that it may take students who are new to academic discourse many semesters to become enculturated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Recognize that teaching our students of color to speak and write in academic discourse will not protect them from racism. Unfortunately, our views on language are impacted by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/implicit.harvard.edu\/implicit\/index.jsp\">implicit biases<\/a><\/span> that we all have. When<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nextions.com\/wp-content\/files_mf\/14468226472014040114WritteninBlackandWhiteYPS.pdf\"> Reeves (2014)<\/a><\/span> asked lawyers to evaluate a written document, they scored the document higher when they thought it was written by a white lawyer and lower when they thought it was written by a black lawyer. These findings support the idea that we make judgments about language based, at least in part, on who is doing the speaking or writing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Understand that it is not linguistically accurate to label any dialect as \u201cbad English\u201d or \u201cwrong.\u201d \u00a0Language scholars do not find any dialect to be better than any other dialect.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Demonstrate respect for other dialects rather than putting them down or referring to them as \u201cnonstandard.\u201d Remember that language is part of culture and culture is part of identity. When we call a language nonstandard or wrong, we are calling a person\u2019s identity deficient.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Before making students\u2019 language usage a factor in grading, consider how much the language usage matters for that particular assignment. For some assignments, language usage may be crucial, but for others, such as journaling or answering homework questions, content mastery or reflection may be more important and the language variety a student uses may not matter as much. Let students know when their language usage will matter in grading and when it won\u2019t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">Consider making explicit instruction about how people speak and write in your discipline part of every class. This can be as simple as opening a discussion of an article with an explanation of how academics tend to use colons in their titles.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Still Thirsty? Take Another SIP of\u00a0Valuing multiple Englishes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncte.org\/library\/NCTEFiles\/Groups\/CCCC\/NewSRTOL.pdf\">The National Council of Teachers of English statement on Students\u2019 Right to Their Own Language<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncte.org\/cee\/positions\/diverselearnersinee\">The National Council of Teachers of English statement on Supporting Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Learners in English Education<\/a><\/span> (this is applicable to all students, despite the title\u2019s focus on English education)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">MSU Denver\u2019s <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"http:\/\/msudenver.edu\/writectr\/\">Writing Center<\/a><\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/msudenver.edu\/sas\/tutoringcenter\/\">Tutoring Center<\/a><\/span>, and<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/msudenver.edu\/sas\/immigrantservices\/\"> Immigrant Services<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">For a fun take on language change, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/john_mcwhorter_txtng_is_killing_language_jk\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">John McWhorter\u2019s TED Talk, \u201cTxtng is killing language. JK!!!<\/span>\u201d<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thirsty for a Strong Instructional Practice? Many of our students are new to academia and its ways of speaking and writing. We who have been in it for years are enculturated and the speaking and writing conventions we follow may be invisible to us. But academic discourse may be mysterious and strange to our students. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/sip-5-14-multiple-englishes\/\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":165,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[51,66,49,157,160,12],"class_list":["post-988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sip-post","tag-culturally-responsive-teaching","tag-dacadreamers","tag-equity","tag-implicit-bias","tag-multiple-englishes","tag-universal-design-for-learning","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/165"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=988"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.msudenver.edu\/sips\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}