Sections I-VI refer to Tetrapods only; Section VII includes sharks
I. EXTRINSIC EYE MUSCLES
Superior, inferior, and internal (medial) rectus, inferior oblique {Innervated by cranial nerve III}
Superior oblique {cranial nerve IV}
External (lateral) rectus, retractor bulbi {cranial nerve VI}
II. HYPOBRANCHIAL and TONGUE MUSCLES
Geniohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid {ventral rami of spinal nerves}
Genioglossus, hyoglossus, lingualis, styloglossus {cranial nerve XII}
III. EPAXIAL MUSCLES
ANAMNIOTES – Dorsalis trunci
AMNIOTES – Intervertebrals, longissimus, spinales (multifidus spinae), iliocostales {dorsal rami of spinal nerves}
IV. HYPAXIAL MUSCLES
Rectus abdominis, lateral group [external oblique and external intercostals; internal oblique and internal intercostals; transversus abdominis and transversus thoracis], subvertebrals, diaphragm in mammals {ventral rami of spinal nerves}
V. PECTORAL GIRDLE & LIMB MUSCLES
DORSAL GROUP – Deltoid; latissimus dorsi; teres major; subcoracoscapularis–>subscapularis; scapulohumeralis anterior–>teres minor; triceps; wrist and digit extensors; cutaneous trunci = cutaneous maximus
VENTRAL GROUP – Pectoralis; supracoracoideus–>supraspinatus and infraspinatus; coracobrachialis; biceps brachii; brachialis; wrist and digit flexors
{Most appendicular muscles are innervated by ventral rami of spinal nerves}
VI. PELVIC GIRDLE & LIMB MUSCLES
DORSAL GROUP – Iliofemoralis and iliofibularis–>gluteus and tensor fasciae latae; iliotibialis, femorotibialis and ambiens–>quadriceps and sartorius; pubioischiofemoralis internus–>iliacus, psoas major and pectineus; ankle and digit extensors
VENTRAL GROUP – Puboischiotibialis–>gracilis; pubotibialis and flexor tibialis–>semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and adductors; adductor femoris, ankle and digit flexors
VII. BRANCHIOMERIC MUSCLES
SHARK ………………………………………….TETRAPODS
PHARYNGEAL ARCH I (mandibular arch) {cranial nerve V}
Adductor mandibulae………………………… Masseter
temporalis, pterygoid
Intermandibularis ……………………………..Mylohyoid, digastric, tensor
tympani
PHARYNGEAL ARCH II (hyoid arch) {cranial nerve VII}
Levator hyomandibulae ………………………Stapedius
Dorsal hyoid constrictor = Levator hyoideus..Stylohyoid
Interhyoideus……………………………………..Depressor mandibulae
{continuous with hyoid constrictor} ………..Ventral digastric, sphincter
colli/Platysma
PHARYNGEAL ARCH III {cranial nerve IX}
Constrictors,……………………………………..Stylopharyngeus
levators,
adductors,
interarcuals
PHARYNGEAL ARCHES IV-VI {cranial nerves X and XI}
Constrictors, …………………………………..Thyroarytenoid,
levators, …………………………………………cricoarytenoid,
adductors,……………………………………….cricothyroid
interarcuals
Cucullaris………………………………………. Trapezius, sternomastoid,
cleidomastoid