Answers, BIO 2310, Appendicular Skeleton

D. APPENDICULAR SKELETON

1. Clavicle and scapula. Clavicle articulates with manubrium of sternum and acromion process of scapula. Scapula also has glenoid fossa to articulate with head of humerus. Know features from lab.

2. Humerus articulates with glenoid fossa and the capitulum articulates with head of radius and trochlea articulates with semilunar notch of unla. Radius head also articulates with ulna. Distally the radius articulates with proximal row of carpals, which articulate with distal row of carpals. (8 carpals total) These articulate with metacarpals and the phalanges (proximal, middle, distal on all except thumb). Know features from lab.

3. Coxal bones, comprised of ilium, ischium and pubis – all of which contribute to acetabulum that articulates with head of femur. The ilium also articulates with the sacrum and the two pubic bones articulate with each other at the pubic symphysis. Know features from lab.

4. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone. Distal femur articulates with patella and femur condyles articulate with condyles of tibia. Tibia and fibula articulate with each other proximally and distally. Both articulate with the tarsals (talus). The tarsals (total of 7 of them) then articulate with metatarsals and phalanges similar to pectoral appendage. Know features from lab.

5. Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

6. Patella

7. 14

8. Finger or toe, thumb, big toe.

9. Primarily pelvis differences. Females shaped for childbirth. Not on exam.